Cells of all living organisms are programmed to self-destruct under certain conditions. The
most well known form of programmed cell death is apoptosis, which is essential for proper …

Necrotrophic fungi are unable to occupy living plant cells. How such pathogens survive first
contact with living host tissue and initiate infection is therefore unclear. Here, we show that …

Studies conducted in the early 1990s showed for the first time that Saccharomyces
cerevisiae can undergo cell death with hallmarks of animal apoptosis. These findings came …

In order to feed an ever-increasing world population, there is an urgent need to improve the
production of staple food and fruit crops. The productivity of important food and fruit crops is …

The knowledge about the molecular mechanisms underlying Botrytis cinerea attack on
susceptible hosts has expanded greatly in the last years. While many details are still …

ABSTRACT Small GTPases of the Ras superfamily are highly conserved proteins that are
involved in various cellular processes, in particular morphogenesis, differentiation, and polar …

Fungi occupy every inhabitable ecological niche on earth [1]. Environmental requirements
vary, from species with very specific ones to species that can live under a broad range of …

Early‐stage responses of Brassica juncea, B. napus and B. oleracea during black spot
disease and the development of Alternaria brassicicola were evaluated. Infection of plant …

A considerable number of fungal homologues of human apoptotic genes have been
identified in recent years. Nevertheless, we are far from being able to connect the different …

Plasmopara viticola must successfully infect susceptible grapevine cultivars to complete its
biological cycle. In resistant grapevine varieties, P. viticola is blocked by the activation of …