The evidence that climate warming is changing the distribution of Ixodes ticks and the
pathogens they transmit is reviewed and evaluated. The primary approaches are either …

Lyme disease was originally identified in Lyme, Connecticut, based upon an unusual cluster
of what appeared to be patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. It was subsequently …

Background: Lyme borreliosis (LB) is the most frequent vector-borne disease in France.
Since 2009, surveillance of LB is conducted by a sentinel network of general practitioners …

Background Nationwide surveys have shown a threefold increase in general practitioner
(GP) consultations for tick bites and early Lyme borreliosis from 1994 to 2009 in the …

This monograph introduces some current developments in the modelling of the spread of
tick-borne diseases. Effective modelling requires the integration of multiple frameworks …

Estimating the tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) infection risk under substantial uncertainties of
the vector abundance, environmental condition and human-tick interaction is important for …

Background Some studies show that the incidence of Lyme borreliosis is increasing in
different European countries. In order to evaluate if this is also the case in Belgium, different …

Background: Lyme disease (LD) is an emergent vector-borne disease caused by Borrelia
spp. and transmitted through infected ticks, mainly Ixodes spp. Our objective was to …

Controlling tick bites on farmers is important to the management of tick‐borne diseases and
occupational health risks in agriculture. Based on an extensive household survey conducted …

The incidence of tick-borne human diseases (TBD) in the Czech Republic (CZ) is on the
increase, driven by infections increasingly acquired in residential locations, earlier in spring …