Cardiac rehabilitation is defined as a multidisciplinary program that includes exercise
training, cardiac risk factor modification, psychosocial assessment, and outcomes …

Substantial evidence has established the value of high levels of physical activity, exercise
training (ET), and overall cardiorespiratory fitness in the prevention and treatment of …

The endothelium, which forms the inner cellular lining of blood vessels and lymphatics, is a
highly metabolically active organ that is involved in many physiopathological processes …

Heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF) is the most common form of HF in
older persons. The primary chronic symptom in HFPEF is severe exercise intolerance, and …

The aim of this review was to examine the mechanisms by which physical activity and
inactivity modify muscle fatigue. It is well known that acute or chronic increases in physical …

Exercise confers numerous salutary effects that extend beyond individual organ systems to
provide systemic health benefits. Here, we discuss the role of exercise in cardiovascular …

Background—Exercise-induced increase in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ
coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) expression has been shown to increase the expression of the …

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is highly prevalent in older individuals and is a major cause of
morbidity, mortality, hospitalizations, and disability. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) exercise …

Almost three-quarters of all heart failure patients who are older than 65 have heart failure
with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The proportion and hospitalization rate of patients …

Combined dysfunction of the heart and the kidneys, which can be associated with
haemodynamic impairment, is classically referred to as cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) …