The disruption of epithelial barrier integrity is an important factor in the pathogenesis of
various immune disorders. However, the restitution of the compromised barrier functions is …

Migration of encephalitogenic CD4+ T lymphocytes across the blood-brain barrier is an
essential step in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). We here demonstrate that …

Objective: The effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes on brain
microvascular endothelial cells under oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), which mimic cells …

The purpose of this article is to study the involvement of inflammatory mast cells (MCs) in
depression which may be inhibited by IL-37. We evaluate mast cells in depression on the …

Modulation of two-pore domain potassium (K2P) channels has emerged as a novel field of
therapeutic strategies as they may regulate immune cell activation and metabolism …

Epithelial barrier integrity is critical to maintain the homeostasis in the body. The regulatory
mechanism of the epithelial barrier function has not been fully understood. This study aims …

Inflammation is crucial in the pathophysiology of stroke and thus a promising therapeutic
target. High-frequency stimulation (HFS) of the mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) …

Background Blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction and immune cell migration into the
central nervous system (CNS) are pathogenic drivers of multiple sclerosis (MS). Ways to …

Astrocytes are key regulators of their surroundings by receiving and integrating stimuli from
their local microenvironment, thereby regulating glial and neuronal homeostasis …

Molecular mechanisms that determine lesion localization or phenotype variation in multiple
sclerosis are mostly unidentified. Although transmigration of activated encephalitogenic T …