Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) are common cardiovascular conditions that
frequently coexist. Among patients with HF, more than one-half also have AF. Both are …

Simultaneous activation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems is crucial
for the initiation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). However, unbalanced activation of the …

Introduction The role of digoxin (cardiac glycoside) in controlling the heart rate (HR) for the
treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) patients has not been explored in depth. Methods To …

The clinical choice between rate or rhythm control therapies has been debated over the
years. In 2002, the AFFIRM trial demonstrated that the rhythm-control strategy had no …

Atrial fibrillation (AF) has been recognized as a major cause of cardiovascular-related
morbidity and mortality. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent recent additions to the collection of …

There is an unmet need to create consensus documents on the management of cardiorenal
patients since, due to the aging of the population and the rise of both pathologies, these …

(1) Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia causing an increased
risk of mortality and morbidity. It is classified into paroxysmal and non-paroxysmal AF …

Universal Free E-Book Store 256 the inhibitory amino acids (γ-aminobutyric acid and
glycine; Chapter 14) and certain serotonin (5-HT3) receptors (Chapter 13). Each of the …

Atrial fibrillation (AF) has become a global epidemic and puts affected patients at high risk of
adverse events. In this review we summarise the current evidence on risk factors and …

Background Periodic electrocardiography (ECG) at every clinical visit is generally performed
for heart rhythm surveillance, and 24-h Holter ECG is usually used as the gold standard. We …