Polymeric nanoparticles containing multiple amines and carboxylates have been frequently
used in drug delivery research. Reproducible and controlled conjugation among these …

Immunotolerance induction in an antigen-specific manner is the long-term goal of
immunotherapy to treat autoimmune diseases. Nanocarriers (NCs) can be designed as a …

Autoimmune diseases, caused by cellularly and molecularly complex immune responses
against self-antigens, are largely treated with broad-acting, non-disease-specific anti …

Current therapeutic strategies for autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) are
directed towards nonspecific immunosuppression, which has severe side effects. The …

Cancer immunotherapy has recently emerged as one of the hot research field since clinical
successes achieved by antibody drugs of immune checkpoints, among which PD-1 and its …

Background Two to four percentage of infants are affected by cow's milk allergy (CMA),
which persists in 20% of cases. Intervention approaches using early oral exposure to cow's …

Precisely co-delivering antigens and immunosuppressants via nano/microcarriers to antigen-
presenting cells (APCs) to induce antigen-specific immune tolerance represents a highly …

The development of biomaterial-based therapeutics to induce immune tolerance holds great
promise for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, allergy, and graft rejection in …

Recent clinical success of immunotherapy that inhibits the negative immune regulatory
pathway programmed cell death protein‐1/PD‐1 ligand 1 (PD‐1/PD‐L1) has initiated a new …

Autoimmune diseases are diseases caused by the body's chronic immune responses to self-
antigens and attacks on the host's own cells, tissues and organs. The dysfunction of innate …