Cancer immunotherapy has been accompanied by promising results over the past few
years. Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD-1) plays a vital role in inhibiting immune …

Simple Summary In this review, we examined relevant clinical trial results with immune
checkpoint inhibitors in patients with metastatic urothelial cancer. We also focused on the …

Background Bladder cancer (BLCA) is the most common malignancy of the urinary tract. On
the other hand, disulfidptosis, a mechanism of disulfide stress-induced cell death, is closely …

Although substantial progress has been made in cancer biology and treatment, clinical
outcomes of bladder carcinoma (BC) patients are still not satisfactory. The tumor …

In a recent phase 3 randomized trial of 700 patients with advanced urothelial cancer
(JAVELIN Bladder 100; NCT02603432), avelumab/best supportive care (BSC) significantly …

Antibodies targeting PD-1 or its ligand 1 PD-L1 such as atezolizumab, have great efficacy in
a proportion of metastatic urothelial cancers,. Biomarkers may facilitate identification of these …

PURPOSE The phase II single-arm KEYNOTE-052 study evaluated the efficacy and safety of
first-line pembrolizumab for patients with locally advanced or metastatic cisplatin-ineligible …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis lead to durable clinical
responses in subsets of cancer patients across multiple indications, including non-small cell …

Purpose: Although tumor mutation burden (TMB) has been well known to predict the
response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), lack of randomized clinical trial data has …

WNT/β-catenin signaling is involved in many physiological processes. Its implication in
embryonic development, cell migration, and polarization has been shown. Nevertheless …