The tunica muscularis of mammalian esophagi is composed of striated muscle and smooth
muscle. Contraction of the esophageal striated muscle portion is mainly controlled by …

Migraine is a debilitating disorder that afflicts over 1 billion people worldwide, involving
attacks that result in a throbbing and pulsating headache. Migraine is thought to be a …

Diseases related to thyroid hormones have been extensively studied because affect a large
number of individuals, and these hormones participate in the regulation of the whole …

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is synthesized in perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) and induces
vasorelaxation. We examined whether the sulfur-containing AMP and GMP analogs AMPS …

Extracellular nucleotides and nucleosides are crucial signalling molecules, eliciting diverse
biological responses in almost all organs and tissues. These molecules exert their effects by …

Fetal hypoxia triggers compensatory angiogenesis and remodeling through mechanisms not
fully elucidated. In response to hypoxia, hypoxia-inducible factor drives expression of …

Background and Purpose—Current knowledge states that vasoconstrictor responses to ATP
are mediated by rapidly desensitizing ligand-gated P2X1 receptors in vascular smooth …

Purpose The myocardium is largely dependent upon oxidation of fatty acids for the
production of ATP. Cardiac contractile abnormalities and failure have been reported after …

Pannexin1 is ubiquitously expressed in vertebrate tissues, but the role it plays in vascular
tone regulation remains unclear. We found that Pannexin1 expression level is much higher …

Uridine adenosine tetraphosphate (Up4A), a dinucleotide, exerts vascular influence via
purinergic receptors (PR). We investigated the effects of Up4A on angiogenesis and the …