V3 spinal interneurons are a key element of the spinal circuits, which control motor function.
However, to date, there are no effective ways of deriving a pure V3 population from human …

Abstract As a morphogen, Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) mediates signaling at a distance from its
sites of synthesis. After secretion, Shh must traverse a distance through the extracellular …

The rich functional diversity of the nervous system is founded in the specific connectivity of
the underlying neural circuitry. Neurons are often preprogrammed to respond to multiple …

The ventral spinal population of V0 interneurons (INs) contributes to the coordinated
movements directed by spinal central pattern generators (CPGs), including respiratory …

The spinal cord is functionally and anatomically divided into ventrally derived motor circuits
and dorsally derived somatosensory circuits. Sensory stimuli originating either at the …

Locomotion is a complex task involving excitatory and inhibitory circuitry in spinal gray
matter. While genetic knockouts examine the function of individual spinal interneuron (SpIN) …

As the capacity to isolate distinct neuronal cell types has advanced over the past several
decades, new two-and three-dimensional in vitro models of the interactions between …

Walking is a slow gait which is particularly adaptable to meet internal or external needs and
is prone to maladaptive alterations that lead to gait disorders. Alterations can affect speed …

Even after its development is complete, the spinal cord remains a rather simple structure
with a ventral motor horn, a dorsal sensory horn and an intermediate zone in between (► …

Damage to the spinal cord can result in life-long deficits including locomotion. Most spinal
cord injury cellular therapies focus on the regeneration of long-distance white matter …