Bacterial biofilms are often defined as communities of surface-attached bacteria and are
typically depicted with a classic mushroom-shaped structure characteristic of Pseudomonas …

The biofilm matrix can be considered to be a shared space for the encased microbial cells,
comprising a wide variety of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), such as …

Recent advances in synthetic biology and materials science have given rise to a new form of
materials, namely engineered living materials (ELMs), which are composed of living matter …

Antibiotic resistance, and, in a broader perspective, antimicrobial resistance (AMR),
continues to evolve and spread beyond all boundaries. As a result, infectious diseases have …

Highlights•The biofilm formation process and its microenvironmental characteristics are
described.•Biofilm microenvironment-responsive nanoparticles for anti-infection are …

Abstract “Plastisphere”, microbial communities colonizing plastic debris, has sparked global
concern for marine ecosystems. Microbiome inhabiting this novel human-made niche has …

Most bacteria attach to biotic or abiotic surfaces and are embedded in a complex matrix
which is known as biofilm. Biofilm formation is especially worrisome in clinical settings as it …

The growing increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria has led to the search for new
antibacterial agents capable of overcoming the resistance problem. In recent years …

Healthcare‐acquired infections as well as increasing antimicrobial resistance have become
an urgent global challenge, thus smart alternative solutions are needed to tackle bacterial …

Bacterial biofilm‐related infectious diseases severely influence human health. Under typical
situations, pathogens can colonize inert or biological surfaces and form biofilms. Biofilms are …