Purpose VIA scale is a dynamic performance status tool of the peripheral venous system that
is divided into five different grades, composed of three parameters: number of observable …

The mechanisms responsible for coupling between relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF),
relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV), and relative cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen …

BACKGROUND: Obstructive failure of implanted shunts is the most common complication in
the treatment of hydrocephalus. Biological material and debris accumulate in the inner walls …

Background Carotid artery dissection due to extension of aortic dissection (CAEAD) is a
severe complication of acute aortic dissection. The risk of ischemic stroke is increased. Early …

Objective: To determine normal ranges for traditional transcranial Doppler (TCD)
measurements for two age groups (14–19 and 20–29 years) and compare to existing …

Morphological and hemodynamic variations of the circle of Willis (CW) may have an
important impact on cerebrovascular events. However, the environmental and genetic …

This thesis details the design of a transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound system to measure
cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) at the middle cerebral artery (MCA). TCD sonography …

In the study of carotid arteries, the different imaging techniques allow to analyze various
diseases like stenoses, aneurysms, thromboses, dissections, diseases caused by …

Background Vertebrobasilar arterial territory nourishes one-quarter of human brain. It
constitutes some vital and strategic parts of the central nervous system. Methods A number …

Optogenetics is an emerging biotechnology that integrates genetic engineering and optical
techniques to precisely manipulate neurons of interest1–3. This technology can specifically …