Animals living in the Southern Ocean have evolved in a singular environment. It shares
many of its attributes with the high Arctic, namely low, stable temperatures, the pervading …

Intraspecific variation in offspring size is of fundamental ecological and evolutionary
importance. The level of provisioning an organism receives from its mother can have far …

Biologists have long sought to identify and explain patterns in the diverse array of marine life
histories. The most famous speculation about such patterns is Gunnar Thorson's suggestion …

For marine, benthic animals, duration of planktonic larval stages is expected to correlate with
dispersal ability, and thus species ranges, at least where planktonic dispersal is necessary …

We summarize and evaluate explanations that have been proposed to account for the
unusually high number of benthic marine invertebrate species in the Southern Ocean with …

Although calyptraeid gastropods are not well understood taxonomically, in part because
their simple plastic shells are the primary taxonomic character, they provide an ideal system …

Gastropods have lost the quintessential snail feature, the coiled shell, numerous times in
evolution. In many cases these animals have developed a limpet morphology with a cap …

Recent developmental and genomic research focused on “slipper snails” in the genus
Crepidula has positioned Crepidula fornicata as a de facto model system for …

Despite considerable theoretical and empirical work on the population genetic effects of
mode of development in benthic marine invertebrates, it is unclear what factors generate …

Background Animals with a spiral cleavage program, such as mollusks and annelids, make
up the majority of the superphylum Lophotrochozoa. The great diversity of larval and adult …