Encapsulation is a common strategy among marine invertebrate species. It has been shown
that oxygen and food availability independently constrain embryo development during …

As in lamellibranch bivalves, individuals of the common Atlantic slippersnail Crepidula
fornicata beat cilia on their gill filaments to produce a suspension‐feeding current. Having …

In this paper, we apply the Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) theory to bivalve species (1) to
provide basic body-size scaling relationships that can be used to predict species …

Recent studies investigating vicariance and dispersal have been focused on correlating
major geological events with instances of taxonomic expansion by incorporating the fossil …

Brooding in invertebrates serves to protect embryos from stressful external conditions by
retaining progeny inside the female body, effectively reducing the risk of pelagic stages …

The gametogenic biology is described for seven species of gastropod from hydrothermal
vents in the East Pacific and from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Species of the limpet genus …

Adelphophagic development, where embryos consume sibling embryos or nurse eggs, is
particularly common in marine caenogastropods and some families of polychaetes. When …

The chiton genus Mopalia Gray, 1847 is highly speciose despite showing little
morphological differentiation. Many of the 24 extant species are conspicuous, large-bodied …

Encapsulating species face more constraints than active brooders in adjusting oxygen
supply to the needs of the embryos. Therefore, the packing of embryos in gelatinous egg …

Abstract Models of species response to climate change often assume that physiological
traits are invariant across populations. Neglecting potential intraspecific variation may …