Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with multiple intrinsic tumor subtypes. These
subtypes vary in tumor gene expression and phenotype, and are most commonly grouped …

Aside from age, sex, and family history, risk of developing breast cancer is largely linked to
reproductive factors, which characterize exposure to sex hormones. Given that, molecular …

Abstract The 12th St Gallen International Breast Cancer Conference (2011) Expert Panel
adopted a new approach to the classification of patients for therapeutic purposes based on …

Background Breast cancer is composed of distinct subtypes defined mainly based on the
expression of hormone receptors (HR) and HER2. For years, reproductive factors were …

Epidemiologic studies have contributed importantly to current knowledge of environmental
and genetic risk factors for breast cancer. Worldwide, breast cancer is an important cause of …

Background Associations between reproductive factors and breast cancer (BC) risk vary by
molecular subtype (ie, luminal A, luminal B, HER2, and triple negative/basal-like [TNBC]). In …

Abstract Background African American (AA) women have a disproportionately high
incidence of estrogen receptor–negative (ER-) breast cancer, a subtype with a largely …

Background Clinical breast cancer subtypes are categorized basing on the expression of
hormone receptors and overexpression of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 …

Several intrinsic breast cancer subtypes, possibly representing unique etiologic processes,
have been identified by gene expression profiles. Evidence suggests that associations with …

The clinical management of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is challenging due to the
relatively aggressive biological behaviour and paucity of specific targeted therapy. A subset …