By 2020, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) will be the third cause of mortality.
Extrapulmonary comorbidities influence the prognosis of patients with COPD. Tobacco …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality
worldwide. Age and smoking are common risk factors for COPD and other illnesses, often …

Increasing evidence indicates that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a
complex disease involving more than airflow obstruction. Airflow obstruction has profound …

ESC Guidelines 2389 disclosure forms are kept on file at the European Heart House,
headquarters of the ESC. Any changes in conflict of interest that arise during the writing …

Heart failure (HF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are global epidemics
incurring significant morbidity and mortality. The combination presents many diagnostic …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is defined by fixed airflow limitation
associated with an abnormal pulmonary and systemic inflammatory response of the lungs to …

We hereby propose an overarching approach to diagnosis, assessment of severity, and
management of COPD and its frequent comorbidities. In patients older than 40 years, with a …

Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are of major importance in terms of
their prolonged detrimental effects on patients, the acceleration in disease progression and …

Background Physicians avoid the use of β-blockers in patients with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) and concurrent cardiovascular disease because of concerns …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is commonly associated with heart failure
(HF) in clinical practice since they share the same pathogenic mechanism. Both conditions …