With both catalytic and genetic functions, ribonucleic acid (RNA) is perhaps the most
pluripotent chemical species in molecular biology, and its functions are intimately linked to …

Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) were first isolated over a century ago and have been
shown to be catalytic toxins that irreversibly inactivate protein synthesis. Elucidation of …

The biotrophic fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis causes the powdery mildew disease of
cereals and grasses. We present the first crystal structure of a B. graminis effector of …

Omega-1, a glycosylated T2 ribonuclease (RNase) secreted by Schistosoma mansoni eggs
and abundantly present in soluble egg antigen, has recently been shown to condition …

Iron is essential for a wide range of cellular processes. Here we show that the bZIP-type
regulator HapX is indispensable for the transcriptional remodeling required for adaption to …

Aspergillus fumigatus, the most common airborne fungal pathogen of humans, employs two
high‐affinity iron uptake systems: iron uptake mediated by the extracellular siderophore …

The deaminase-like fold includes, in addition to nucleic acid/nucleotide deaminases, several
catalytic domains such as the JAB domain, and others involved in nucleotide and ADP …

Background Phytophthora infestans is the most devastating pathogen of potato and a model
organism for the oomycetes. It exhibits high evolutionary potential and rapidly adapts to host …

The highly persistent and often lethal human pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis
contains at least 88 toxin–antitoxin genes. More than half of these encode VapC PIN domain …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) has been considered an alternative process for intercellular
communication. EVs release by filamentous fungi and the role of vesicular secretion during …