The hypothesis that adequate vitamin D nutrition can contribute to the prevention of multiple
sclerosis (MS) was originally proposed to explain the geographical distribution of MS, but …

Given large sample sizes, whole genome screens are now able to identify even quite
modest contributions of common human genetic variation to disease. These approaches …

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region is strongly associated with multiple
sclerosis (MS) susceptibility. HLA-DRB1* 15: 01 has the strongest effect, and several other …

Both genetic and environmental factors display low or modest associations with multiple
sclerosis. Hypothetically, gene–environment interactions may exert much stronger effects. In …

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, history of infectious mononucleosis (IM) and HLA-A and
DRB1 have all been proposed as risk factors for multiple sclerosis (MS). Our aim was to …

The role of hypovitaminosis D as a possible risk factor for multiple sclerosis is reviewed.
First, it is emphasized that hypovitaminosis D could be only one of the risk factors for multiple …

Dendritic cells (DC) are the professional antigen-presenting cells of the immune system. In
their quiescent and mature form, the presentation of self‐antigens by DC leads to tolerance; …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is more prevalent in females than males, and this female
predominance is increasing as time goes by. Additionally, gender appears to play critical …

The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DRB1* 1501 has been consistently associated with
multiple sclerosis (MS) in nearly all populations tested. This points to a specific antigen …

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules are central to adaptive immune
responses and maintenance of self-tolerance. Since the early 1970s, the MHC class II …