Vitamin D is a steroid hormone with potent immune-modulating properties. It has been
shown to stimulate innate immunity and induce immune tolerance. Extensive research …

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease with a poor prognosis. To date, the
pathogenesis of SSc is still unclear; moreover, its pathological conditions include …

T follicular helper (Tfh) cells with the phenotype of mainly expressing surface molecules
CXC motif chemokine receptor type 5 (CXCR5), inducible co-stimulator (ICOS), secreting …

There are two major clinical subsets of scleroderma:(i) systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex
systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation, vasculopathy, and excessive …

Morphea and systemic sclerosis (SSc) are rare disorders of connective tissue characterized
by increased skin thickness and fibrosis, with current treatment options having variable …

Calcinosis represents a severe complication of several autoimmune disorders. Soft-tissue
calcifications have been classified into five major types: dystrophic, metastatic, idiopathic …

We evaluated the presence of sarcopenia in a population of systemic sclerosis (SSc)
patients, with respect to nutritional, clinical, and laboratory features. A total of 62 patients …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have become a promising therapeutic strategy for
scleroderma. Exosomes derived from MSCs (MSC-exosomes) possess functional properties …

Systemic scleroderma is a chronic connective tissue disease characterized by internal organ
and skin fibrosis. Unfortunately, there is a lack of efficacious treatments for cutaneous …

Abstract Background Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by
vascular and immune system dysfunction, along with tissue fibrosis. Our previous study …