Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) is the primary agent of community-acquired pneumonia.
Neutrophils are innate immune cells that are essential for bacterial clearance during …

Oxidative stress and its end-products, such as 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), initiate activation of
the Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (NRF2)/Kelch Like ECH Associated Protein …

Platelets are a class of pluripotent cells that, in addition to hemostasis and maintaining
vascular endothelial integrity, are also involved in tumor growth and distant metastasis. The …

The success of cancer treatment relies on the composition of the tumour microenvironment
which is comprised of tumour cells, blood vessels, stromal cells, immune cells, and …

Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) with the intrinsic advantages including non-invasiveness,
spatiotemporal selectivity, low side-effects, and immune activation ability has been clinically …

Bone is the most common site for advanced breast cancer to metastasise. The
proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) plays a complex and contradictory role in …

Periodontitis is a chronic non-communicable disease caused by dysbiotic changes that
affect the subgingival microbiota. During periodontitis, neutrophils play a central role in the …

Electrospun fibrous meshes are widely used for tissue repair due to their ability to guide a
host of cell responses including phenotypic differentiation and tissue maturation. A critical …

Simple Summary Breast cancer is a complex disease that remains a significant public health
challenge. The breast cancer cells secrete various substances collectively known as the …

Inflammation is a life-saving immune reaction occurring in response to invading pathogens.
Nonetheless, inflammation can also occur in an uncontrolled, unrestricted manner, leading …