Few investigators think of bone as an endocrine gland, even after the discovery that
osteocytes produce circulating fibroblast growth factor 23 that targets the kidney and …

Calcium (Ca2+) and phosphate (PO43−) homeostasis are coordinated by systemic and local
factors that regulate intestinal absorption, influx and efflux from bone, and kidney excretion …

Background—Patients with kidney disease have disordered bone and mineral metabolism,
including elevated serum concentrations of fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23). These …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health epidemic that affects millions of people
worldwide. Presence of CKD predisposes individuals to high risks of end-stage renal …

Abstract Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a hormone with a central role in the
regulation of phosphate homeostasis. This regulation is accomplished by the coordinated …

Appropriate levels of phosphate in the body are maintained by the coordinated regulation of
the bone-derived growth factor FGF23 and the membrane-bound protein Klotho. The …

The term uraemic cardiomyopathy refers to the cardiac abnormalities that are seen in
patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Historically, this term was used to describe a …

Disturbances in phosphate homeostasis are common in patients with chronic kidney
disease. As kidney function declines, circulating concentrations of phosphate and the …

Elevations of circulating Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) are associated with adverse
cardiovascular outcomes and progression of renal failure in chronic kidney disease (CKD) …

Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is secreted primarily by osteocytes and regulates
phosphate and vitamin D metabolism. Elevated levels of FGF23 are clinically associated …