The origin, distribution, and function of biological diversity are fundamental themes of
ecology and evolutionary biology. Research on birds has played a major role in the history …

Myriad branches in the tree of life are intertwined through ecological relationships. Biologists
have long hypothesized that intimate symbioses between lineages can influence …

Mountain systems are exceptionally species rich, yet the associated elevational gradients in
functional and phylogenetic diversity and their consistency across latitude remain little …

Abstract Aim The Australian deserts are home to a remarkable diversity of taxa that might
appear to have evolved in the absence of topographic and physical barriers to dispersal. In …

Diversification rates vary across species as a response to various factors, including
environmental conditions and species-specific features. Phylogenetic models that allow …

Coexisting (sympatric) pairs of closely related species are often characterized by
exaggerated trait differences. This widespread pattern is consistent with adaptation for …

Recent renewed interest in using fossil data to understand how biotic interactions have
shaped the evolution of life is challenging the widely held assumption that long-term climate …

Lineage‐specific traits determine how plants interact with their surrounding environment.
Unrelated species may evolve similar phenotypic characteristics to tolerate, persist in, and …

Organismal interactions drive the accumulation of diversity by influencing species ranges,
morphology, and behavior. Interactions vary from agonistic to cooperative and should result …

The extraordinary number of species in the tropics when compared to the extra-tropics is
probably the most prominent and consistent pattern in biogeography, suggesting that …