Within the last 400 million years, insects have radiated into at least a million species,
accounting for more than half of all known living organisms: they are the most successful …

The nervous system is evolutionarily conservative compared to the peripheral appendages
that it controls. However, species-specific behaviors may have arisen from very small …

Understanding the circuit mechanisms behind motion detection is a long-standing question
in visual neuroscience. In Drosophila melanogaster, recently discovered synapse-level …

Conserved neural characters identified in the brains of a variety of segmented invertebrates
and outgroups have been used to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships. The analysis …

Wide-field motion-sensitive neurons in the lobula plate (lobula plate tangential cells, LPTCs)
of the fly have been studied for decades. However, it has never been conclusively shown …

Within the Arthropoda, morphologies of neurons, the organization of neurons within
neuropils and the occurrence of neuropils can be highly conserved and provide robust …

Eyes of the hoverfly Eristalis tenax are sexually dimorphic such that males have a fronto-
dorsal region of large facets. In contrast to other large flies in which large facets are …

Detecting motion is a feature of all advanced visual systems [1], nowhere more so than in
flying animals, like insects [2, 3]. In flies, an influential autocorrelation model for motion …

In the visual system of Drosophila, photoreceptors R1–R6 relay achromatic brightness
information to five parallel pathways. Two of them, the lamina monopolar cells L1 and L2 …

The shared organization of three optic lobe neuropils—the lamina, medulla, and lobula—
linked by chiasmata has been used to support arguments that insects and malacostracans …