Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common disease entity in critical care
medicine and is still associated with a high mortality. Because of the heterogeneous …

Innate immunity is a primordial system that has a primary role in lung antimicrobial defenses.
Recent advances in understanding the recognition systems by which cells of the innate …

Background Esophagectomy induces a systemic inflammatory response whose extent has
been recognized as a predictive factor of postoperative respiratory morbidity. The aim of this …

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have evolved through billions of years as part of our innate
immune system. These agents are produced by various cells throughout the human body …

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a clinical disease marked by respiratory failure due to disruption of
the epithelial and endothelial barrier, flooding of the alveolar compartment with protein-rich …

Mechanical ventilation (MV) with tidal volumes of 10–12 ml/kg is considered safe in the
absence of acute lung injury (ALI). However, recent studies show that, when lung injury is …

▪ Abstract Patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome who die usually succumb
to multiorgan failure as opposed to hypoxia. Despite appropriate resuscitation, some …

Mechanical ventilation (MV) is frequently employed for the management of critically ill
patients with respiratory failure. A major complication of mechanical ventilation (MV) is the …

Objectives: Regional tidal lung strain may trigger local inflammation during mechanical
ventilation, particularly when additional inflammatory stimuli are present. However, it is …

Objectives: In this study, we examined whether (1) positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)
has a protective effect on the risk of major postoperative respiratory complications in a cohort …