The first hormonal pill, called Enovid®, was approved by the Federal Drug Administration
(FDA) in May 1960. It contained mestranol and norethisterone. Over the years, oral …

Background Despite several drawbacks, the Pearl Index continues to be the most widely
used statistical measure of contraceptive failure. However, Pearl indices reported in studies …

Objectives The primary objective was to assess the efficacy, cycle control and tolerability of a
monophasic combined oral contraceptive (COC) containing nomegestrol acetate (NOMAC) …

BACKGROUND: We sought to estimate the prevalence of types of combined oral
contraceptives (COCs) used among US women. STUDY DESIGN: We analyzed interview …

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the efficacy, cycle control, tolerability, and safety of a monophasic
combined oral contraceptive containing nomegestrol acetate and 17β-estradiol (E2) in …

Background Irregular bleeding is one of the most common side effects of hormonal
contraception and a key reason for the discontinuation of hormonal methods. Study design A …

Objective To demonstrate the superiority of estradiol valerate plus dienogest (E 2 V/DNG)
over ethinylestradiol plus levonorgestrel (EE/LNG) in reducing the number of days with …

Objective To assess and compare the risk of unintended pregnancy in NOMAC-E2 users
with levonorgestrel-containing COC (COCLNG) users in clinical practice. Study design In …

Objectives: To estimate the real-use contraceptive effectiveness of the combined oral
contraceptive (COC) containing dienogest and oestradiol valerate (DNG/oEV) compared to …

Abstract Objectives Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) decrease androgen levels,
including testosterone (T), which may be associated with sexual dysfunction and mood …