For the last two decades, pathogenic concepts in Parkinson disease (PD) have revolved
around the toxicity and spread of α-synuclein. Thus, α-synuclein would follow caudo-rostral …

The greatest unmet therapeutic need in Parkinson's disease is the development of treatment
that slows the relentless progression of the neurodegenerative process. The concept of …

A failure in redox homeostasis is a common hallmark of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and
Parkinson's Disease (PD), two age-dependent neurodegenerative disorders (NDD), causing …

Bradykinesia is one of the cardinal motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease and other
parkinsonisms. The various clinical aspects related to bradykinesia and the …

Modeling Parkinson's disease (PD) using advanced experimental in vitro models is a
powerful tool to study disease mechanisms and to elucidate unexplored aspects of this …

In patients with Parkinson's disease, beta (β) and gamma (γ) oscillations are altered in the
basal ganglia, and this abnormality contributes to the pathophysiology of bradykinesia …

Noradrenergic and cholinergic systems are among the most vulnerable brain systems in
neuropsychiatric diseases of ageing, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease …

When James Parkinson described the classical symptoms of the disease he could hardly
foresee the evolution of our understanding over the next two hundred years. Nowadays …

In Parkinson's disease, the progressive neurodegeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic
neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) is associated with classic motor …

Introduction Increasing evidence suggests that neuroinflammation is active in Parkinson
disease (PD) and contributes to neurodegeneration. This process can be studied in vivo with …