An imbalance between excitation and inhibition has been a longstanding proposed
mechanism regarding ictogenesis and epileptogenesis. This imbalance is related to …

It is widely accepted that glutamate-mediated neuronal hyperexcitation plays a causative
role in eliciting seizures. Among glutamate receptors, the roles of N-methyl-D-aspartate …

Epilepsy is a common neurological disease in both humans and domestic dogs, making
dogs an ideal translational model of epilepsy. In both species, epilepsy is a complex brain …

Astrocytes regulate and respond to extracellular glutamate levels in the central nervous
system (CNS) via the Na+-dependent glutamate transporters glutamate transporter-1 (GLT …

Intracranial electrophysiological recording in patients with refractory focal epilepsy is the
gold standard for defining epileptogenic tissue. Although the concordance of intracranial …

The intralaminar thalamus, in particular the centromedian-parafascicular complex, forms a
strategic node between ascending information from the spinal cord and brainstem and …

The ketogenic diet (KD) is acknowledged as an unconventional option in the treatment of
epilepsy. Several lines of investigation point to a possible role of glutamate and gamma …

There is compelling evidence that initiation and maintenance of epileptic seizures in
temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is facilitated by excessive accumulation in the extracellular …

Almost all stroke survivors suffer physical disabilities and neuropsychiatric disturbances,
which can be briefly divided into post-stroke neurological diseases and post-stroke …

Inflammation is implicated in epileptogenesis. Activated microglia and macrophages
(MG/MΦ) are found in the brains of patients with epilepsy-related diseases and animal …