Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is presenting as a systemic disease associated with …

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the fundamental component of the medial layer
of arteries and are essential for arterial physiology and pathology. It is becoming …

Objective To assess the prevalence, characteristics and prognostic value of pulmonary
hypertension (PH) and right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) in hospitalised, non-intensive …

All metazoans depend on the consumption of O2 by the mitochondrial oxidative
phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) to produce energy. In addition, the OXPHOS uses O2 to …

Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) is a homeostatic mechanism that is intrinsic to
the pulmonary vasculature. Intrapulmonary arteries constrict in response to alveolar hypoxia …

The extensive oxygen gradient between the air we breathe (Po2~ 21 kPa) and its ultimate
distribution within mitochondria (as low as~ 0.5–1 kPa) is testament to the efforts expended …

Lung injury is the leading cause of death after thoracic surgery. Initially recognized after
pneumonectomy, it has since been described after any period of 1-lung ventilation (OLV) …

Pulmonary vascular remodeling is the key structural alteration in pulmonary hypertension
and involves changes in the intima, media and adventitia, often with the interplay of …

This review provides an overview of the relationship between ventilation/perfusion ratios
and gas exchange in the lung, emphasising basic concepts and relating them to clinical …

Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) represents a fundamental difference between
the pulmonary and systemic circulations. HPV is active in utero, reducing pulmonary blood …