Immunotherapy has emerged as an effective strategy for the prevention and treatment of a
variety of diseases, including cancer, infectious diseases, inflammatory diseases, and …

While no single model can exactly recapitulate all aspects of multiple sclerosis (MS), animal
models are essential in understanding the induction and pathogenesis of the disease and to …

Current treatments to control pathological or unwanted immune responses often use broadly
immunosuppressive drugs. New approaches to induce antigen-specific immunological …

The main function of the immune system in health is to protect the host from infection by
microbes and parasites. Because immune responses to nonself bear the risk of unleashing …

The development of therapeutic approaches for the induction of robust, long-lasting and
antigen-specific immune tolerance remains an important unmet clinical need for the …

Programmed death‐1 (PD‐1) is a surface receptor critical for the regulation of T cell function
during immunity and tolerance. PD‐1 interactions with its ligands PD‐L1 and PD‐L2 inhibit T …

We investigated the antigen specificity and presentation requirements for inactivation of T
lymphocytes in vitro and in vivo. In vitro studies revealed that splenocytes treated with the …

Identification of the target antigens of pathogenic antibodies and T cells is of fundamental
importance for understanding the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, and for the …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a devastating inflammatory disease of the brain and spinal cord
that is thought to result from an autoimmune attack directed against antigens in the central …

Recent approaches using nanoparticles engineered for immune regulation have yielded
promising results in preclinical models of disease. The number of nanoparticle therapies is …