Medial arterial calcification (MAC) is a chronic systemic vascular disorder distinct from
atherosclerosis that is frequently but not always associated with diabetes mellitus, chronic …

Objective: There is a generally accepted hypothesis that patients with diabetes mellitus (DM)
have a higher burden of atherosclerotic disease below the knee compared to patients …

Purpose: To evaluate the roles of small artery disease (SAD) and medial arterial calcification
(MAC) in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) and to identify any …

Purpose: To present the chronic total occlusion (CTO) crossing approach based on plaque
cap morphology (CTOP) classification system and assess its ability to predict successful …

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the Shockwave S4 intravascular
lithotripsy (IVL) catheter in an “all-comers” cohort of patients with calcified infrapopliteal …

Objectives: The aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the pathology of the
lower extremity arteries across their entire length in subjects dying with abundant risk factors …

Objective The medial arterial calcification (MAC) score is a simple metric that describes the
burden of inframalleolar calcification using a plain foot radiograph. We hypothesized that a …

Endovascular revascularization has been increasingly utilized to treat patients with chronic
limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI), particularly atherosclerotic disease in the infrapopliteal …

Purpose: Optimal balloon angioplasty for infrapopliteal lesions is often limited by severe
calcification, which has been associated with decreased procedural success and lower long …

Lower limb arterial calcification (LLAC) is associated with an increased risk of mortality and it
predicts poor outcomes after endovascular interventions in patients with peripheral artery …