This paper is the forty-fifth consecutive installment of the annual anthological review of
research concerning the endogenous opioid system, summarizing articles published during …

Pain continues to be an enormous global health challenge, with millions of new untreated or
inadequately treated patients reported annually. With respect to current clinical applications …

Among different types of chronic pain, neuropathic pain (NP), arising from damage to the
nervous system, including peripheral fibers and central neurons, is notoriously difficult to …

Zerumbone is a multifunctional compound with antimicrobial, antitumor, hyperalgesic,
antioxidant and anti-inflammatory applications, and constitutes a point molecule for the …

Though both neuropathy and fibromyalgia are serious complications that cause widespread
pain, distinguishing between the two in order to provide adequate care is difficult. Metabolic …

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a chronic complication associated with nerve
dysfunction and uncontrolled hyperglycemia. Unfortunately, due to its complicated etiology …

Zingiber zerumbet, a plant native to tropical and subtropical Asia, has a vast range of
traditional uses and has been continuously studied for its medicinal properties. However, a …

Neuropathic pain is a chronic pain condition persisting past the presence of any noxious
stimulus or inflammation. Zerumbone, of the Zingiber zerumbet ginger plant, has exhibited …

Abstract Ca 2+/calmodulin-stimulated group I adenylyl cyclase (AC) isoforms AC1 and AC8
have been involved in nociceptive processing and morphine responses. However, whether …

Chronic pain has a high prevalence and a profound impact on patients and society, and its
treatment is a real challenge in clinical practice. Ginger is emerging as a promising …