A higher incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is found in males compared to females.
Young women (18–44 years) with CRC have a better survival outcome compared to men of …

There is increasing recognition that environmental exposure to chemicals, such as
endocrine-disruptive chemicals (EDCs), contributes to the development of breast cancer …

In hormone-dependent organs, sex hormones and dysregulated hormone signaling have
well-documented roles in cancers of the breast and female reproductive organs including …

It is known that estrogen stimulates growth and inhibits apoptosis through estrogen receptor
(ER)-mediated mechanisms in many cancer cell types. Interestingly, there is strong evidence …

Cancer is one of the most common causes of death worldwide, and its development is a
result of the complex interaction of genetic factors, environmental cues, and aging. Hormone …

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely used endocrine disrupter. Its environmental exposure is a
causative factor of cell aging via decreasing telomerase activity, thus leading to shortening …

It is widely acknowledged that cancer cell energy metabolism relies mainly on anaerobic
glycolysis; this phenomenon is described as the Warburg effect. However, whether the …

Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common gynecological carcinomas in both
developed and developing countries. Majority of the gynecological malignancies are …

Simple Summary Estrogens are steroid hormones that interact with nuclear receptors (ERα
and ERβ) and a membrane G-protein-coupled receptor (GPER) to regulate multiple …

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common causes of cancer morbidity in both
sexes but shows sex differences. First, sex-specific differences in tumor recurrence and …