Constructing high-effective electrode sensing interfaces has been considered an effective
method for electrochemical detection toward heavy metal ions (HMIs). However, most …

In recent years, powerful genetic code reprogramming methods have emerged that allow
new functional components to be embedded into proteins as noncanonical amino acid …

Regulation of the reaction pathways is a perennial theme in the field of chemistry. As a
typical chromogenic substrate, 3, 3′, 5, 5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) generally …

Efficient and environmentally friendly conversion of light energy for direct utilization in
chemical production has been a long-standing goal in enzyme design. Herein, we …

A recent novel strategy for constructing artificial metalloenzymes (ArMs) that target new‐to‐
nature functions uses dual‐functional small molecules (DFSMs) with catalytic and anchoring …

The incorporation of unnatural amino acids is an attractive method for improving or bringing
new and novel functions in peptides and proteins. Cell-free protein synthesis using the …

Metabolic engineering is a powerful tool to reprogramme cells to produce value-added
chemicals. Such engineering strategies require the fine-tuning of a cell's metabolism to …

Enzyme engineering aims to improve or install a new function in biocatalysts for applications
ranging from chemical synthesis to biomedicine. For decades, computational techniques …

Cell‐free protein synthesis (CFPS) is a versatile biotechnology platform enabling a broad
range of applications including clinical diagnostics, large‐scale production of officinal …

Incorporation of more than one noncanonical amino acid (ncAA) within a single protein
endows the resulting construct with multiple useful features such as augmented molecular …