Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is the most prevalent growth factor in the central
nervous system (CNS). It is essential for the development of the CNS and for neuronal …

Dopamine is well recognized as a neurotransmitter in the brain, and regulates critical
functions in a variety of peripheral systems. Growing research has also shown that …

Studies of human addicts and behavioural studies in rodent models of addiction indicate that
key behavioural abnormalities associated with addiction are extremely long lived. So …

Addictive drugs cause persistent restructuring of several neuronal cell types in the limbic
regions of brain thought to be responsible for long-term behavioral plasticity driving …

Despite the importance of numerous psychosocial factors, at its core, drug addiction involves
a biological process: the ability of repeated exposure to a drug of abuse to induce changes …

Persistent changes in behavior and psychological function that occur as a function of
experience, such those associated with learning and memory, are thought to be due to the …

Drug Addiction | New England Journal of Medicine Skip to main content The New England
Journal of Medicine homepage Advanced Search SEARCH SPECIALTIES Cardiology …

Drug addiction results from adaptations in specific brain neurons caused by repeated
exposure to a drug of abuse. These adaptations combine to produce the complex behaviors …

The brain and body respond to potential and actual stressful events by activating hormonal
and neural mediators and modifying behaviors to adapt. Such responses help maintain …

Although opioids are highly effective for the treatment of pain, they are also known to be
intensely addictive. There has been a massive research investment in the development of …