The oral route is the most common route for drug administration. It is the most preferred
route, due to its advantages, such as non-invasiveness, patient compliance and …

The simultaneous intake of food and drugs can have a strong impact on drug release,
absorption, distribution, metabolism and/or elimination and consequently, on the efficacy …

The kinase ataxia telangiectasia mutated and rad3 related (ATR) is a key regulator of the
DNA-damage response and the apical kinase which orchestrates the cellular processes that …

Natural products continue to be major sources of bioactive compounds and drug candidates
not only because of their unique chemical structures but also because of their overall …

The human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) encodes the pore-forming subunit of the
rapid component of the delayed rectifier K+ channel, Kv11. 1, which are expressed in the …

This article reviews the major physiological and physicochemical principles of the effect of
food and gastrointestinal (GI) pH on the absorption and bioavailability of oral drugs, and the …

Nanozymes with excellent and intrinsic enzyme-mimicking characteristics have been
considered as extremely promising alternatives to natural enzymes due to their merits of low …

Nicotine is of importance as the addictive chemical in tobacco, pharmacotherapy for
smoking cessation, a potential medication for several diseases, and a useful probe drug for …

Cytochrome P450 enzymes are essential for the metabolism of many medications. Although
this class has more than 50 enzymes, six of them metabolize 90 percent of drugs, with the …

Animal models are commonly used in the preclinical development of new drugs to predict
the metabolic behaviour of new compounds in humans. It is, however, important to realise …