Primary cilia (PC) are organelles that sense and respond to dynamic changes of the
extracellular milieu through the regulation of target genes. By using the epididymis as a …

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli attach to epithelial cells through P fimbriae that bind Galα1‐
4Galβ‐oligosaccharide sequences in cell surface glycosphingolipids. The binding of P …

Pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella have the ability to respond to a wide variety of
environmental stimuli. These responses allow them to survive and withstand insults both of …

By attaching to cells or secreted mucosal components, microbes are thought to avoid
elimination by the flow of secretions that constantly wash mucosal surfaces. The attached …

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAggEc) strains are associated with persistent diarrhea
in children in the developing world and exhibit a classic aggregative phenotype. We have …

Intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) have previously been shown to produce several cytokines
including interleukin-6 (IL-6). However, many factors which may regulate IL-6 secretion by …

This study examined the role of P and type 1 fimbriae for neutrophil migration across
Escherichia coli‐infected uroepithelial cell layers in vitro and for neutrophil recruitment to the …

Purpose Objective diagnosis of symptomatic urinary tract infections in patients prone to
asymptomatic bacteriuria is compromised by local host responses that are already present …

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the most common causative agent of urinary tract
infections and is a major cause for antibiotic prescriptions. Previous studies have shown that …

The urinary tract response to the entry of pathogens is complex and involves multiple
aspects of the immune system. Herein we have divided them into cytokine, immunoglobulin …