Recently, in the field of cancer treatment, the paradigm has changed to immunotherapy that
activates the immune system to induce cancer attacks. Among them, immune checkpoint …

Epigenetic mechanisms play vital roles not only in cancer initiation and progression, but also
in the activation, differentiation and effector function (s) of immune cells. In this review, we …

Hypoxia, a hallmark of solid tumors, determines the selection of invasive and aggressive
malignant clones displaying resistance to radiotherapy, conventional chemotherapy or …

Background & Aims Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) represents the fastest growing
underlying cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and has been shown to impact …

CD8+ T cell activation via immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) is successful in microsatellite
instable (MSI) colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. By comparison, the success of …

T cell subsets adapt and rewire their metabolism according to their functions and
surrounding microenvironment. Whereas naive T cells rely on mitochondrial metabolic …

The relationship between metabolism and cell cycle progression is complex and
bidirectional. Cells must rewire metabolism to meet changing biosynthetic demands across …

Macrophages are highly plastic in different tissues and can differentiate into functional
subpopulations under different stimuli. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are one of …

Introduction Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is a highly
personalized type of cancer immunotherapy. TIL-based ACT exploits naturally occurring …

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has emerged as a promising novel
therapeutic approach. However, primary and secondary resistance to CAR-T cell therapy is …