In this paper we review the literature relating to the psychological/educational study of
programming. We identify general trends comparing novice and expert programmers …

Context: Programmers' mental models represent their knowledge and understanding of
programs, programming concepts, and programming in general. They guide programmers' …

One of the central topics in computing education research (CEDR) is the exploration of how
a person learns their first programming language, also described in terms such as …

We have conducted a web-based questionnaire on the various concepts and topics of object-
oriented programming that students on introductory courses found most difficult to cope with …

This overview paper defends an augmented cognitively oriented generic-design hypothesis:
there are both significant similarities between the design activities implemented in different …

Software Design-Cognitive Aspects covers a variety of areas including software analysis,
design, coding and maintenance. It details the history of the research that has been …

As a starting point for a professional development (PD) program for teachers, this Research
Full Paper investigates which ideas and pre-concepts teachers have about artificial …

This paper reports on two experiments comparing mental representations and program
comprehension by novices in the object-oriented and procedural styles. The subjects were …

The goal of our study is to evaluate the effect on program comprehension of three factors
that have not previously been studied in a single experiment. These factors are programmer …

Coding is part of logical thinking and is one of the basic skills which are known as' 21st-
century skills'. Coding acquisition is necessary as it is used in a wide range of occupations …