Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) belongs to a group of chronic diseases characterised by
periods of exacerbation and remission. Despite many studies and observations, its …

Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) refers to a spectrum of liver manifestations ranging from
fatty liver diseases, steatohepatitis, and fibrosis/cirrhosis with chronic inflammation primarily …

Microplastics have become a new type of environmental pollutant that can accumulate in
various tissues and organs of the body and cause chronic damage. In this study, two …

Periodontitis is a multifactorial and infective oral disease that leads to the destruction of
periodontal tissues and tooth loss. Although the treatment of periodontitis has improved …

Amorphous silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) have been widely used and mass-producted due to
its unique properties. With the life cycle of SiNPs-based products, SiNPs are further released …

The cocoa industry generates a considerable quantity of cocoa shell, a by-product with high
levels of methylxanthines and phenolic compounds. Nevertheless, the digestion process …

Patients with diabetes are at risk for liver disorders including glycogen hepatopathy, non-
alcoholic fatty liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatic fibrosis. The pathophysiological …

Ethnopharmacological relevance Syringic acid (SAC) is a phenolic compound and an
antioxidant that has been identified in honey, grapes, red wine, marigold and sugar apple …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a significant role in the survival and decline of various
biological systems. In liver-related metabolic disorders such as steatohepatitis, ROS can act …

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by specific fungi. More than 400 different
mycotoxins are known in the world, and the concentration of these toxins in food and feed …