Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the most fatal malignancies in the world, is usually
diagnosed in advanced stages due to late symptom manifestation with very limited …

Significant technological advances in radiotherapy have been made in the past few
decades. High-precision radiotherapy has recently become popular and is contributing to …

Immunotherapy has achieved great success recently and opened a new avenue for anti-
tumor treatment. Programmed cell death 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) …

Ionizing radiation has historically been used to treat cancer by killing tumour cells, in
particular by inducing DNA damage. This view of radiotherapy (RT) as a simple cytotoxic …

Although the blockade of immune checkpoint PD-1/PD-L1 has achieved great success, the
lack of tumor-infiltrating immune cells and PD-L1 expression in the tumor microenvironment …

Purpose: Localized radiotherapy can cause T-cell–mediated abscopal effects on
nonirradiated metastases, particularly in combination with immune checkpoint blockade …

With the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors, the efficacy of immunotherapy as a
cancer treatment that is effective against multiple tumor types has been established, and this …

Abstract Anti‐programmed death‐1 (PD‐1)/programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) therapy,
which is one of the most promising cancer therapies, is licensed for treating various tumors …

Blockade of the T cell immunoreceptor with the immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor
tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domain (TIGIT) can enhance innate and adaptive tumor …

Immunotherapies are now emerging as an efficient anticancer therapeutic strategy. Cancer
immunotherapy utilizes the host's immune system to fight against cancer cells and has …