Purpose This review aims at investigating pathophysiological mechanisms in
spondyloarthritis (SpA). Analysis of genetic factors, immunological pathways, and …

Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signal transduction
pathway that plays an important regulatory role during embryonic development, cell …

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a common, highly heritable inflammatory arthritis
characterized by enthesitis of the spine and sacroiliac joints. Genome-wide association …

Abstract Purpose of Review Pathological roles of macrophage migration inhibitory factor
(MIF) have recently been demonstrated in spondyloarthritis (SpA) preclinical models …

The mechanisms underlying the development of bone damage in the context of
spondyloarthritis (SpA) are not completely understood. To date, a considerable amount of …

Introduction Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) presents a complex scenario where both new
bone formation in entheseal tissues and significant trabecular bone loss coexist …

Axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA) is a chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease that
predominantly affects the joints of the spine, causes chronic pain, and, in advanced stages …

Objective To investigate DNA methylation (DNAm) status of dickkopf‐associated protein 1
(DKK‐1) in ossified hip capsule synovium and serum among patients with ankylosing …

Background Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a common inflammatory arthritis, with a high
prevalence in patients in their mid-20s. Its pathogenesis is not well understood; however …

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of arthritis that primarily affects the spine and involves
disorders of the immune and skeletal systems. However, the exact pathogenesis of AS is not …