Repeated, episodic bouts of skeletal muscle contraction undertaken frequently as structured
exercise training are a potent stimulus for physiological adaptation in many organs …

During starvation, fasting, or a diet containing little digestible carbohydrates, the circulating
insulin levels are decreased. This promotes lipolysis, and the breakdown of fat becomes the …

Exercise has long been known for its active role in improving physical fitness and sustaining
health. Regular moderate-intensity exercise improves all aspects of human health and is …

Background and aims: Currently there is considerable interest in ketone metabolism owing
to recently reported benefits of ketosis for human health. Traditionally, ketosis has been …

Background Exercise changes the concentrations of many metabolites, which are small
molecules (< 1.5 kDa) metabolized by the reactions of human metabolism. In recent years …

While the timing of food intake is important, it is unclear whether the effects of exercise on
energy metabolism are restricted to unique time windows. As circadian regulation is key to …

The ketone bodies acetoacetate (AcAc) and β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) have pleiotropic
effects in multiple organs including brain, heart, and skeletal muscle by serving as an …

The ability of ketogenic low‐carbohydrate (CHO) high‐fat (K‐LCHF) diets to enhance
muscle fat oxidation has led to claims that it is the 'future of elite endurance sport'. There is …

Dietary salt reduction and exercise are lifestyle modifications for salt-sensitive
hypertensives. While exercise has prominent metabolic effects, salt has an adverse effect on …

Background Ketogenic diets (KD) have become a popular method of promoting weight loss.
More recently, some have recommended that athletes adhere to ketogenic diets in order to …