In the past 15 years, B cells have been rediscovered to be not merely bystanders but rather
active participants in autoimmune aetiology. This has been fuelled in part by the clinical …

B cells represent a relatively minor cell population within both the healthy and diseased
central nervous system (CNS), yet they can have profound effects. This is emphasized in …

B cells are essential components of the adaptive immune system and have important roles
in the pathogenesis of several central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Besides producing …

There is growing recognition that B cell contributions to normal immune responses extend
well beyond their potential to become antibody-producing cells, including roles at the innate …

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protects the central nervous system (CNS) and analyzing CSF
aids the diagnosis of CNS diseases, but our understanding of CSF leukocytes remains …

Changes in gut microbiota composition and a diverse role of B cells have recently been
implicated in multiple sclerosis (MS), a central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune disease …

Monoclonal antibodies that target CD20 expressing B cells represent an important new
treatment option for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). B‐cell‐depleting therapy is highly …

Central nervous system B cells have several potential roles in multiple sclerosis (MS):
secretors of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, presenters of autoantigens to T …

Variation in the antibody response has been linked to differential outcomes in disease, and
suboptimal vaccine and therapeutic responsiveness, the determinants of which have not …

Human B cells can be divided into four main subsets based on differential expression of
immunoglobulin (Ig) D and CD27. IgD− CD27− double negative (DN) B cells make up a …