Background—Infective endocarditis is a potentially lethal disease that has undergone major
changes in both host and pathogen. The epidemiology of infective endocarditis has become …

LRRC4 is a novel relatively specific gene, which displays significant down-regulation in
primary brain tumor biopsies and has the potential to suppress brain tumor growth. In this …

The recommendations listed in this document are, whenever possible, evidence based. An
extensive review was conducted on literature published through March 1, 2020. Searches …

Aim This executive summary of the valvular heart disease guideline provides
recommendations for clinicians to diagnose and manage valvular heart disease as well as …

The recommendations listed in this document are, whenever possible, evidence based. An
extensive review was conducted on literature published through November 2012, and other …

Infective endocarditis (IE), initially described more than 350 years ago, involves infection of
the endocardial surface of the heart. The clinical manifestations of IE can involve every …

Potential Biases Most studies of IE are affected by selection, survival, and referral bias. They
make it difficult to study the natural history of IE in the general population, because treated …

Aims To Assess changes in infective endocarditis (IE) epidemiology over the last 5 decades.
Methods and Results We searched the published literature using PubMed, MEDLINE, and …

Background—The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence of neurological
complications in patients with infective endocarditis, the risk factors for their development …

The content of these European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines has been published
for personal and educational use only. No commercial use is authorized. No part of the ESC …