Obesity is a growing worldwide health problem, affecting many people due to excessive
saturated fat consumption, lack of exercise, or a sedentary lifestyle. Leptin is an adipokine …

Leptin is a hormone primarily produced by the adipose tissue in proportion to the size of fat
stores, with a primary function in the control of lipid reserves. Besides adipose tissue, leptin …

Leptin promotes satiety and modulates energy balance and weight. Diet-induced obesity
leads to leptin resistance, exacerbating overeating. We reviewed the literature on the …

Diabetes is a metabolic condition. The composition of the gut microbiota is altered in
diabetes with reduced levels of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) producers, notably butyrate …

During aging, body adiposity increases with changes in the metabolism of lipids and their
metabolite levels. Considering lipid metabolism, excess adiposity with increased lipotoxicity …

The adipocyte-derived adipokine leptin exerts pleiotropic effects, which are essential for the
regulation of energy balance and cell metabolism, for controlling inflammatory and immune …

The discovery of the archetypal adipocytokine leptin and how it regulates energy
homeostasis have represented breakthroughs in our understanding of the endocrine …

Obesity is a metabolic disease that is caused by a lack of physical activity and is associated
with an increased risk of chronic inflammation. A total of 40 obese adolescent females with …

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are commonly used at high doses and for prolonged periods (weeks
to months) in the treatment of a variety of diseases. Among the many side effects are …

Antipsychotic medications are critical to child and adolescent psychiatry, from the
stabilization of psychotic disorders like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and psychotic …