During aging and after traumatic injuries, cartilage and bone cells are exposed to various
pathophysiologic mediators, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), damage-associated …

The NLRP3 inflammasome is an intracellular multiprotein complex that plays an essential
role in the innate immune system by identifying and eliminating a plethora of endogenous …

Background The inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) have been considered crucial
components of the pathogenesis of depression. Edaravone (EDA), a free radical scavenger …

Purpose Magnolol (MA) exhibits anti-depressant effect by inhibiting inflammation. However,
its effect on microglia polarization remains not fully understood. Herein, our study was …

Melatonin confers cardioprotective effects on multiple cardiovascular diseases, including
doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. The effectiveness of melatonin in mitigating …

Background Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIE) is caused by perinatal asphyxia,
which is associated with various confounding factors. Although studies on the pathogenesis …

Aberrant innate immunity in the brain has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several
central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's …

Aims Depression is one of the common neurological comorbidities in patients with
inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The current study aimed to investigate the potential …

Ginsenoside Rb1, a diol-type ginseng saponin, has various positive effects on the central
nervous system. This study aimed to evaluate the antidepressant effects of Rb1 on chronic …

The vast majority of cells in the human body are capable of secreting exosomes. Exosomes
have become an important vehicle for signaling between cells. Exosomes secreted by …