The semi-domesticated nature of the reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L.) makes it a distinct case
among the world's herbivores. Here, we review the literature on how reindeer shape …

Executive summary How can we effectively maintain and enhance forest biodiversity in
Europe? hampered efforts to build a standardised, EU-level overview of how forest …

Clear-cutting is the main forest management method in boreal and hemiboreal forests, but
recently its implementation has raised concerns due to its effects on biodiversity, including …

At the interface between atmosphere and vegetation, epiphytic floras have been largely
used as indicators of air quality. The recovery of epiphytes from high levels of SO2 pollution …

Spatial variations in epiphytic macrolichen richness in the city of Oslo were assessed
annually 1973–2019. These observations were contrasted with earlier published data from …

Monitoring of plant populations has become more and more important, especially in the
current context of environmental change. In this paper, we propose methods to estimate …

Long-term data on spatial dynamics of epiphytic lichens associated with old-growth forests
are fundamental for understanding how environmental factors drive their extinction and …

Forest canopies modify microclimates and create habitats for nonvascular epiphytes, but we
need to better understand the mechanisms regulating their vertical and horizontal …

Abstract Caribou lichens, Cladonia (Cladina) spp., are a slow-growing, vital winter forage for
caribou that are likely to be influenced by global warming. However, the large-scale …

The impacts of climate change on rural cultures and livelihoods depend on how the resulting
complex biophysical processes may transform people's land use practices. We argue that …