Tobacco use, especially cigarette smoking, is a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity
and mortality and is the leading preventable cause of death worldwide. Comprehensive …

Background Smoking is the leading preventable cause of illness and premature death
worldwide. Some medications have been proven to help people to quit, with three licensed …

Background Tobacco smoking remains one of the few preventable factors associated with
complications in pregnancy, and has serious long‐term implications for women and babies …

The recommendations listed in this document are, whenever possible, evidence based.
Writing group members performed these relevant supplemental literature searches with key …

The health harms of combusted tobacco use are undeniable. With market and regulatory
pressures to reduce the harms of nicotine delivery by combustion, the tobacco product …

Background Taking regular exercise may help people give up smoking by moderating
nicotine withdrawal and cravings, and by helping to manage weight gain. Objectives To …

Importance Some cigarette smokers may not be ready to quit immediately but may be willing
to reduce cigarette consumption with the goal of quitting. Objective To determine the efficacy …

Importance Behavioral approaches and pharmacotherapy are of proven benefit in assisting
smokers to quit, but it is unclear whether combining nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) with …

The tobacco addiction treatment field is progressing through innovations in medication
development, a focus on precision medicine, and application of new technologies for …

Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the leading
avoidable cause of death worldwide. Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) increases the …