As the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic spreads, it
is becoming increasingly evident that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is not limited to …

Abstract The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic is a significant psychological
stressor in addition to its tremendous impact on every facet of individuals' lives and …

Background Increasing evidence supported the possible neuro-invasion potential of SARS-
CoV-2. However, no studies were conducted to explore the existence of the micro-structural …

Respiratory viruses infect the human upper respiratory tract, mostly causing mild diseases.
However, in vulnerable populations, such as newborns, infants, the elderly and immune …

Among the various respiratory viruses infecting human beings, coronaviruses are important
pathogens, which usually infect the upper respiratory tract, where they are mainly associated …

Although astrogliosis and microglia activation are characteristic features of multiple sclerosis
(MS) and other central nervous system (CNS) lesions the exact functions of these events are …

Cytokines are molecules secreted by peripheral immune cells, microglia, astrocytes and
neurons in the central nervous system. Peripheral or central inflammation is characterized …

In humans, viral infections of the respiratory tract are a leading cause of morbidity and
mortality worldwide. Several recognized respiratory viral agents have a neuroinvasive …

Introduction There is growing evidence that SARS-CoV-2 can gain access to the central
nervous system (CNS). We revise the literature on coronavirus infection of the CNS …

Backgrounds The reports of neurological symptoms are increasing in cases with coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19). This multi-center prospective study was conducted to determine …