Patterns of environmental spatial structure lie at the heart of the most fundamental and
familiar patterns of diversity on Earth. Antarctica contains some of the strongest …

Temperate Australia is a global hotspot for marine biodiversity and its waters have
experienced well-above global average rates of ocean warming. We review the observed …

Animals living in the Southern Ocean have evolved in a singular environment. It shares
many of its attributes with the high Arctic, namely low, stable temperatures, the pervading …

Antarctica is experiencing significant ecological and environmental change, which may
facilitate the establishment of non‐native marine species. Non‐native marine species will …

Pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) are a major source of micropollutants
to the aquatic environment. Despite intense research on the fate and effects of PPCPs in …

The end of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) dramatically reshaped temperate ecosystems,
with many species moving poleward as temperatures rose and ice receded. Whereas …

Polar regions have experienced significant warming in recent decades. Warming has been
most pronounced across the Arctic Ocean Basin and along the Antarctic Peninsula, with …

Predictions of sensitivity to climate change of polar benthos vary markedly depending on
whether physiological or ecological/biodiversity criteria are considered. A realistic …

Glacio-marine fjords occur widely at high latitudes and have been extensively studied in the
Arctic, where heavy meltwater inputs and sedimentation yield low benthic faunal abundance …

The total freshwater biodiversity is not fully known. In particular, freshwater invertebrates and
microbes are poorly studied groups, and in tropical latitudes, that support most of the …