Copper is an important trace element that is required for essential enzymes. However, due
to its redox activity, copper can also lead to the generation of toxic reactive oxygen species …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. Several hypotheses have
been put forward to explain the basis of disease onset and progression. Unfortunately, none …

Methylene blue (MB, methylthioninium chloride) is a phenothiazine that crosses the blood
brain barrier and acts as a redox cycler. Among its beneficial properties are its abilities to act …

Background: Copper is an essential microelement for animals and has been used at
pharmacological doses in weaned piglets to improve growth performance. However, it also …

Although the central nervous system (CNS) has been defined as a privileged site in
Alzheimer's disease (AD), periphery can be more than simply witness of events leading to …

In a recent article, we presented the hypothesis that decompartmentalized metal ions are a
major contributor to the development of diabetic complications and supported the use of …

Cu is an essential element for the brain, and is required for many important enzymes in the
brain, including cytochrome C oxidase (energy metabolism), lysyl oxidase (blood vessels) …

Neurodegenerative diseases are defined as diseases wherein nerve cells are damaged or
destroyed and are a major health concern. Millions around the world have Alzheimer's and …